[HTML][HTML] Blockade of individual Notch ligands and receptors controls graft-versus-host disease

IT Tran, AR Sandy, AJ Carulli, C Ebens… - The Journal of …, 2013 - Am Soc Clin Investig
IT Tran, AR Sandy, AJ Carulli, C Ebens, J Chung, GT Shan, V Radojcic, A Friedman…
The Journal of clinical investigation, 2013Am Soc Clin Investig
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the main complication of allogeneic bone marrow
transplantation. Current strategies to control GVHD rely on global immunosuppression.
These strategies are incompletely effective and decrease the anticancer activity of the
allogeneic graft. We previously identified Notch signaling in T cells as a new therapeutic
target for preventing GVHD. Notch-deprived T cells showed markedly decreased production
of inflammatory cytokines, but normal in vivo proliferation, increased accumulation of …
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the main complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Current strategies to control GVHD rely on global immunosuppression. These strategies are incompletely effective and decrease the anticancer activity of the allogeneic graft. We previously identified Notch signaling in T cells as a new therapeutic target for preventing GVHD. Notch-deprived T cells showed markedly decreased production of inflammatory cytokines, but normal in vivo proliferation, increased accumulation of regulatory T cells, and preserved anticancer effects. Here, we report that γ-secretase inhibitors can block all Notch signals in alloreactive T cells, but lead to severe on-target intestinal toxicity. Using newly developed humanized antibodies and conditional genetic models, we demonstrate that Notch1/Notch2 receptors and the Notch ligands Delta-like1/4 mediate all the effects of Notch signaling in T cells during GVHD, with dominant roles for Notch1 and Delta-like4. Notch1 inhibition controlled GVHD, but led to treatment-limiting toxicity. In contrast, Delta-like1/4 inhibition blocked GVHD without limiting adverse effects while preserving substantial anticancer activity. Transient blockade in the peritransplant period provided durable protection. These findings open new perspectives for selective and safe targeting of individual Notch pathway components in GVHD and other T cell–mediated human disorders.
The Journal of Clinical Investigation