Clark and colleagues first described the robust orexigenic effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in
1984. Our group as well as Stanley et al. confirmed these effects in the same year. During
the next 20 years, we investigated the effects of NPY on diet preferences, opioid-related
feeding, distributed neural feeding networks, energy metabolism, motivation and
discriminative stimulus effects. These data together with data from other laboratories indicate
that NPY increases feeding, even when rats work for food; that NPY decreases energy …